Nutrition Planning

Advanced Macro Calculator

Optimize your nutrition with precision macronutrient targets customized to your body and fitness goals.

What are Macros?

Macronutrients (macros) are the three primary nutrients your body needs in large amounts: protein, carbohydrates, and fats. These nutrients provide energy (calories) and are essential for various bodily functions, muscle recovery, hormone production, and overall health.

Tracking and adjusting your macro intake allows for more precise control over your nutrition than simply counting calories, helping you achieve specific fitness goals like muscle gain, fat loss, or athletic performance.

Why Calculate Macros?

  • Optimize body composition beyond simple calorie counting
  • Support muscle recovery and growth with adequate protein
  • Fuel workouts effectively with the right carbohydrate intake
  • Support hormone function and metabolic health with balanced fat intake
years
kg
cm
Sedentary Lightly active Moderately active Very active Extremely active

Lightly active: Exercise or light physical activity 1-3 days/week (walking, light gardening)

Understanding Macronutrients

Protein

Essential for muscle growth and recovery, protein is made up of amino acids, the building blocks of muscle tissue and many hormones.

  • 4 calories per gram
  • Highest thermic effect (20-35%)
  • Enhances satiety and preserves muscle
Recommended Intake:
• Fat Loss: 1.6-2.2 g/kg bodyweight
• Maintenance: 1.2-1.6 g/kg bodyweight
• Muscle Gain: 1.6-2.2 g/kg bodyweight
• Athletes: 1.8-2.2 g/kg bodyweight

Top sources: Chicken, turkey, fish, lean beef, eggs, Greek yogurt, tofu, lentils, whey protein

Carbohydrates

Your body's primary and preferred energy source, carbohydrates fuel high-intensity exercise and support brain function.

  • 4 calories per gram
  • Stored as glycogen in muscles and liver
  • Critical for high-intensity performance
Recommended Intake:
• Fat Loss: 2-4 g/kg bodyweight
• Maintenance: 3-5 g/kg bodyweight
• Muscle Gain: 4-7 g/kg bodyweight
• Endurance Athletes: 6-10 g/kg bodyweight

Top sources: Rice, oats, potatoes, whole grains, fruits, vegetables, quinoa, beans, legumes

Fats

Essential for hormone production, cell membrane integrity, and vitamin absorption. Fats provide sustained energy and support brain function.

  • 9 calories per gram
  • Critical for hormone production
  • Slows digestion and enhances satiety
Recommended Intake:
• Minimum: 0.5-0.6 g/kg bodyweight
• General health: 0.8-1.2 g/kg bodyweight
• Low-carb diets: 1.5-2 g/kg bodyweight
• Minimum 20% of total calories

Top sources: Olive oil, avocados, nuts, seeds, fatty fish, egg yolks, dark chocolate, full-fat yogurt

Macro Calculation Methods

Goal-Based Method

This approach customizes your macro distribution based on your primary fitness goal: fat loss, maintenance, or muscle gain. It starts with calorie calculations and adjusts the ratio of macros accordingly.

Fat Loss:
• Protein: 30-35% (1.6-2.2 g/kg)
• Carbs: 30-40%
• Fats: 25-35%
Maintenance:
• Protein: 25-30% (1.2-1.6 g/kg)
• Carbs: 40-50%
• Fats: 25-30%
Muscle Gain:
• Protein: 25-30% (1.6-2.2 g/kg)
• Carbs: 45-55%
• Fats: 20-25%

Source: International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2017

Body Composition Method

This method factors in your current body fat percentage to determine optimal macros, setting protein based on lean body mass rather than total weight for more precision.

Lean Body Mass (LBM) Calculation:
LBM = Weight × (1 - (Body Fat % / 100))
Protein Based on LBM:
• Fat Loss: 2.3-2.8g per kg of LBM
• Maintenance: 1.8-2.2g per kg of LBM
• Muscle Gain: 2.2-2.6g per kg of LBM
Carbs and Fats:
• Adjusted based on training volume and body fat percentage
• Higher carbs for lower body fat and higher activity

Source: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2017

Athletic Performance Method

Specifically designed for athletes, this method tailors macros to different types of training (endurance, strength, or mixed), with a focus on fueling performance and recovery.

Endurance Athletes:
• Protein: 1.6-1.8 g/kg (20-25%)
• Carbs: 6-10 g/kg (55-65%)
• Fats: 1.0-1.5 g/kg (20-25%)
Strength/Power Athletes:
• Protein: 1.8-2.2 g/kg (25-30%)
• Carbs: 4-6 g/kg (40-50%)
• Fats: 1.5-2.0 g/kg (25-30%)
Mixed/CrossFit Athletes:
• Protein: 1.8-2.2 g/kg (25-30%)
• Carbs: 5-8 g/kg (45-55%)
• Fats: 1.2-1.8 g/kg (20-30%)

Source: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2018

Custom Ratio Method

This flexible approach allows for personalized macro ratios based on preferences, dietary restrictions, or specific metabolic needs, while maintaining nutritional adequacy.

Customization Guidelines:
Protein:
• Minimum: 0.8 g/kg (RDA)
• Optimal range: 1.2-2.2 g/kg
• 15-35% of total calories
Carbohydrates:
• Minimum: 130g/day for brain function
• Low-carb: 10-30% of calories
• Moderate: 30-50% of calories
• High-carb: 50-65% of calories
Fats:
• Minimum: 20% of total calories
• Essential fatty acid needs: 15-20g/day
• Standard range: 25-40% of calories

Source: Advances in Nutrition, 2021

Advanced Macro Considerations

Nutrient Timing

Strategic timing of macronutrient intake can enhance performance, recovery, and body composition results beyond simply hitting your daily totals.

  • Pre-Workout Nutrition

    Consume protein (20-40g) and carbs (30-60g) 1-3 hours before training to maximize performance and prevent muscle breakdown.

  • Post-Workout Nutrition

    Consume protein (20-40g) within 2 hours post-workout, with carbs (0.5-1.0g/kg) to enhance recovery and glycogen replenishment.

  • Bedtime Nutrition

    Slow-digesting protein (casein) before bed can enhance overnight muscle protein synthesis and recovery during sleep.

Carb Cycling & Periodization

Strategic manipulation of macronutrient intake across days or weeks can help break plateaus, manage metabolic adaptation, and optimize body composition.

  • Carb Cycling

    Alternating between high-carb days (training days) and low-carb days (rest days) can enhance fat loss while preserving performance.

  • Refeed Days

    Strategic high-carb days during caloric restriction can replenish glycogen, boost leptin, and prevent metabolic slowdown.

  • Calorie Cycling

    Alternating between maintenance and deficit days can improve adherence and potentially reduce metabolic adaptation during fat loss phases.

Special Populations

Vegetarians & Vegans

May need to increase protein intake by 10-15% due to lower digestibility of plant proteins.

Focus on complete protein combinations and consider supplements like creatine and B12.

Master Athletes (40+)

Higher protein needs (1.8-2.2 g/kg) to combat age-related muscle loss and reduced anabolic response.

Distribution of protein across meals is especially important (25-40g per meal).

Intermittent Fasting

Consider increasing protein slightly in feeding windows to reach daily needs despite restricted eating periods.

Prioritize nutrient density during feeding windows to ensure micronutrient adequacy.

Research & References

  • Helms ER, Aragon AA, Fitschen PJ. "Evidence-based recommendations for natural bodybuilding contest preparation: nutrition and supplementation." Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2014. Link
  • Jäger R, Kerksick CM, Campbell BI, et al. "International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise." Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2017. Link
  • Thomas DT, Erdman KA, Burke LM. "Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance." Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2016. Link
  • Antonio J, Peacock CA, Ellerbroek A, Fromhoff B, Silver T. "The effects of consuming a high protein diet (4.4 g/kg/d) on body composition in resistance-trained individuals." Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2014. Link
  • Burke LM, Hawley JA, Wong SH, Jeukendrup AE. "Carbohydrates for training and competition." Journal of Sports Sciences, 2011. Link
  • Aragon AA, Schoenfeld BJ, Wildman R, et al. "International society of sports nutrition position stand: diets and body composition." Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2017. Link
  • Iraki J, Fitschen P, Espinar S, Helms E. "Nutrition Recommendations for Bodybuilders in the Off-Season: A Narrative Review." Sports, 2019. Link